Social Determinants of Mental Health

SDoMH

[Staff reporters]

As mental illness and chronic health conditions become more common, leaders are looking at upstream solutions that can improve overall well-being by addressing social determinants of mental and physical health.

For example, the Blue Cross Blue Shield of Michigan Foundation is providing over $125,000 in grants for community organizations working with vulnerable populations, including children and adults suffering from mental illness, homeless adults and families that are struggling financially.

And, health plans including Blue Cross Blue Shield of Tennessee and Horizon Blue Cross Blue Shield of New Jersey are integrating care to ensure people can access behavioral health treatment through their primary care providers.

Assessment

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On Mental Health Gender and Racial Disparities

USA Adults in 2015

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USA Inmates and Mental Health

Prison Inmates and Mental Health [1-in-4]

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On Schizophrenia Related ER Visits

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Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders

Coding Classification

By Staff Reporters

The classification and coding systems used by mental health insurers both diagnosis-related groups (DRGs) and current procedural terminology (CPT®) are still being defined through historical methodologies and are vague compared to the medical classification coding structure.

As an example, mental health insurers classify Tourette Syndrome (TS) as a “mental disorder.” In fact, TS is an inherited, neurobiological disorder, and both neurologists and psychiatrists treat TS with the same medications. If TS were reclassified under the medical coding structure, TS would not only receive potentially a better reimbursement but public perception of TS as a “mental disorder” would be changed.

The DSM-IV

The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th edition, text revision), also known as the DSM-IV-TR, is a manual published by the American Psychiatric Association (APA) that includes all currently recognized mental health disorders. The coding system utilized by the DSM-IV is designed to correspond with codes from the International Classification of Diseases, commonly referred to as the ICD. Since early versions of the DSM did not correspond with ICD codes and updates of the publications for the ICD and the DSM are not simultaneous, some distinctions in the coding systems may still be present.

Assessment

For this reason, it is recommended that users of these manuals consult the appropriate reference when accessing diagnostic codes. For more information, contact the APA at (800) 368-5777.

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Stockholder Suit Targets Troubled Mental Health Chain

Psychiatric Solutions, Inc

By Robin Fields, ProPublica – September 22, 2009 5:01 pm EDTCaduceus

Psychiatric Solutions Inc. the nation’s leading provider of inpatient mental health care is being sued by stockholders who claim the company issued “false and misleading statements” about troubles at one of its hospitals.

The Lawsuit

The lawsuit, filed Monday in U.S. District Court in Tennessee, alleges that PSI violated securities laws by downplaying problems at Riveredge Hospital near Chicago and waiting too long to tell shareholders how they had affected the company’s bottom line.

The Investigations

Investigations last year by the Chicago Tribune and ProPublica detailed violence, sexual abuse and neglect at PSI facilities from coast to coast, including Riveredge. In several instances, PSI facilities were cited for not reporting patient deaths and injuries as required, federal and state records showed. In response to the reports, the Justice Department opened an investigation and the Illinois Department of Children and Family Services froze admissions of foster children to Riveredge.

The Allegations

The lawsuit alleges that PSI’s statements – particularly those indicating the admissions hold would end soon and that other regulatory deficiencies had been fixed – inflated the company’s stock price, helping company leaders reap millions from insider sales. In early 2009, PSI announced that its 2008 results had fallen short of estimates. Its share price dropped about 35 percent on the news.

Assessment

Through a spokesman, PSI called the lawsuit “wholly without merit.” “We have at all times operated, and will continue to operate in full compliance with the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission,” John Van Mol said in a written statement.

Note: Robin Fields is a reporter for the ProPublica news service, which first published this article.

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Health Insurance versus Mental Health Parity

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Understanding Physical Health and Mental Health Insurance

By Carol Miller; RN, MBA

Carol S. Miller

There is a difference between the benefits covered under medical insurance compared to those covered under mental health benefits.

Mental Health Parity Act

There has always been a disparity resulting in caps on the annual number of visits allowed, higher co-pays, higher deductibles, and reduction of covered benefits such as partial hospitalization and number-of-treatment limits for mental health. Congress touched on this issue in 1996 with the Mental Health Parity Act. This federal law prevented group health plans from placing annual or lifetime dollar limits on mental health benefits that are lower¾less favorable¾than annual or lifetime dollar limits for medical and surgical benefits.

Group Health Plan Exclusions

However, the law did not require group health plans and their health insurance issuers to include mental health coverage in their benefits package¾it only applied to group health plan insurances that already did include mental health benefits in their benefit package.

MHETA Attempts at Correction

In 2003, Senators Pete Domenici, Edward Kennedy, and Representatives Patrick Kennedy and Jim Ramstad introduced S. 486 and H.R. 953, called the Mental Health Equitable Treatment Act. In March 2005, the Mental Health Equitable Treatment Act [MHETA] was passed and with the passage of this bill a loophole – insurers may no longer arbitrarily limit the number of hospital days or outpatient treatment sessions for people in need of mental health care – was closed.

Assessment

Nevertheless, even though states are encouraged by the government with this new bill to enact stronger parity laws, the final decision of parity still rests with the states.  Many states have not enforced the law and therefore, insurers may still be inclined to limit

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