PHYSICIAN: Compensation Data Sources

By Dr. David Edward Marcinko MBA MEd

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A growing number of surveys measure physician compensation, encompassing a varying depth of analysis. Physician compensation data, divided by specialty and subspecialty, is central to a range of consulting activities including practice assessments and valuations of healthcare enterprises.  The AMA maintains the most comprehensive database of information on physicians in the U.S., with information on over 940,000 physicians and residents, and 77,000 medical students. Started in 1906, the AMA “Physician Masterfile,” which contains information on physician education, training, and professional certification information, is updated annually through the Physicians’ Professional Activities questionnaire and the collection and validation efforts of AMA’s Division of Survey and Data Resources (SDR).  A selection of other sources of healthcare related compensation and cost data is set forth below.

 “Physician Characteristics and Distribution in the U.S.” is an annual survey based on a variety of demographic information from the Physician Masterfile dating back to 1963.  It includes detailed information regarding trends, distribution, and professional and individual characteristics of the physician workforce.

Physician Socioeconomic Statistics”, published from 2000 to 2003, was a result of the merger between two prior AMA annuals: (1) “Socioeconomic Characteristics of Medical Practice”; and, (2) “Physician Marketplace Statistics.” Data has compiled from a random sampling of physicians from the Physician Masterfile into what is known as the Socioeconomic Monitoring System, which includes physician age profiles, practice statistics, utilization, physician fees, professional expenses, physician compensation, revenue distribution by payor, and managed care contracts, among other categories.

The American Medical Group Association (AMGA), formerly known as the American Group Practice Association, has conducted the Medical Group Compensation and Financial Survey (known as the “Medical Group Compensation and Productivity Survey” until 2004) for 22 years.  This annual survey is co-sponsored by RSM McGladrey, Inc., who is responsible for the independent collection and compilation of survey data.  Compensation and production data are provided for medical specialties by size of group, geographic region, and whether the group is single or multispecialty.

The Medical Group Management Association’s (MGMA)Physician Compensation and Production Survey” is one of the largest in the U.S. with approximately 3,000 group practices responding as of the 2023 edition publication. Data is provided on compensation and production for 125 specialties.  The survey data are also published on CD by John Wiley & Sons ValueSource; the additional details available in this media provide better bench marking capabilities.

The MGMA’s “Cost Survey” is one of the best known surveys of group practice income and expense data, having been published in some form since 1955, and obtaining over 1,600 respondents, combined, for the 2008 surveys: “Cost Survey for Single Specialty Practices” and “Cost Survey for Multispecialty Practices.”  Data is provided for a detailed listing of expense categories and is also calculated as a percentage of revenue and per FTE physician, FTE provider, patient, square foot, and Relative Value Unit (RVU). The survey provides information on multispecialty practices by performance ranking, geographic region, legal organization, size of practice, and percent of capitated revenue. Detailed income and expense data is provided for single specialty practice in over 50 different specialties and subspecialties.

The “Medical Group Financial Operations Survey” was created through a partnership between RSM McGladrey and the American Medical Group Association (AMGA), and provides benchmark data on support staff and physician salaries, physician salaries, staffing profiles and benefits, and other financial indicators.  Data is reported as a percent of managed care revenues, per full-time physician, and per square foot, and is subdivided by specialty mix, capitation level, and geographic region with detailed summaries of single specialty practices in several specialties.

Statistics: Medical and Dental Income and Expense Averages” is an annual survey produced by the National Society of Certified Healthcare Business Consultants (NSCHBC), formerly known as the National Association of Healthcare Consultants (NAHC), and the Academy of Dental CPAs.  It has been published annually for a number of years and the “2023 Report Based on 2022 Data” included detailed income and expense data from over 2,700 practices and 4,900 physicians in 62 specialties.

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Medical Specialty Trends

The characteristics of both the practice and the profitability of different physician specialties vary greatly. Information on trends affecting specific specialties should further refine the types of industry information gathered including changes in treatment, technology, competition, reimbursement, and the regulatory environment. For many of the subspecialties, oversupply and under supply issues and the corresponding demand and compensation trends are central to the analysis of potential future earnings and the value of established medical entities. Information that is available and that may be gathered can range from broad practice overviews to, for example, specific procedural utilization demand and forecasts for a precise local geographic area.

A large number of national and state medical associations and organizations gather and produce information on these various aspects of the practice of different individual physician specialties and subspecialties. Information may be found in trade press articles, medical specialty associations and their publications, national surveys, specialty accreditation bodies, governmental reports and studies, and elsewhere. The American Medical Association’s (AMA) as well as the MGMA both publish comprehensive physician practice survey information. 

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PHYSICIAN COMPENSATION: Rising but NOT with Inflation!

By Staff Reporters and MGMA Survey

Physician Compensation is Rising but Not Keeping Pace with Inflation

Despite physician and advanced practice provider productivity continuing its post-pandemic recovery, compensation gains are being outstripped by the most severe inflationary growth in decades, according to a new report. Provider compensation increased across the board, with primary care physicians (PCPs) receiving the biggest increase last year. Growth in median total compensation for primary care doctors doubled from 2021 to 2022—from pay growth of 2.13% to 4.41%. But these gains were eclipsed by the rate of inflation at 7% and 6.5%, respectively.

CITE: https://www.r2library.com/Resource

Surgical and non-surgical specialists saw their change in median total compensation cool slightly in 2022, dropping from 3.89% for surgical specialists in 2021 to 2.54% in 2022, and from 3.12% for non-surgical physicians in 2021 to 2.36% in 2022, according to the Medical Group Management Association’s 2023 provider compensation and production report.

Source: Heather Landi, Fierce Healthcare [6/6/23]

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Are Today’s Doctors Desperate?

Emotions Rise with Healthcare Reform

By Dr. David Edward Marcinko; MBA, CMP™

[Publisher-in-Chief]

NOTE:  I penned this essay more than a decade ago.dem2

Managed care is a prospective payment method where medical care is delivered regardless of the quantity or frequency of service, for a fixed payment, in the aggregate. It is not traditional fee-for-service medicine or the individual personal care of the past, but is essentially utilitarian in nature and collective in intent. Will new-age healthcare reform be even more draconian?

Unhappy Physicians

There are many reasons why doctors are professionally and financially unhappy, some might even say desperate, because of managed care; not to mention the specter of healthcare reform from the Obama administration. For example:

  • A staggering medical student loan debt burden of $100,000-250,000 is not unusual for new practitioners. The federal Health Education Assistance Loan (HEAL) program reported that for the Year 2000, it squeezed significant repayment settlements from its Top 5 list of deadbeat doctor debtors. This included a $303,000 settlement from a New York dentist, $186,000 from a Florida osteopath, $158,000 from a New Jersey podiatrist, $128,000 from a Virginia podiatrist, and $120,000 from a Virginia dentist. The agency also excluded 303 practitioners from Medicare, Medicaid, and other federal healthcare programs and had their cases referred for nonpayment of debt.
  • Because of the flagging economy, medical school applications nationwide have risen. “Previously, there were a lot of different opportunities out there for young bright people”; according to Rachel Pentin-Maki; RN, MHA”; not so today. In fact, Physicians Practice Digest recently stated, “Medicine is fast becoming a job in which you work like a slave, eke out a middle class existence, and have patients, malpractice insurers, and payers questioning your motives.” Remarkably, the Cornell University School of Continuing Education has designed a program to give prospective medical school students a real-world peek, both good and bad.

The Ripple Effects of Managed Care and Reform

“Many people who are currently making a great effort and investment to become doctors may be heading for a role and a way of life that are fundamentally different from what they expect and desire,” according to Stephen Scheidt, MD, director of the $1,000 Cornell fee program; why?

  • Fewer fee-for-service patients and more discounted patients.
  • More paperwork and scrutiny of decisions with lost independence and morale.
  • Reputation equivalency (i.e., all doctors in the plan must be good), or commoditization (i.e., a doctor is a doctor is a doctor).
  • The provider is at risk for (a) utilization and acuity, (b) actuarial accuracy, (c) cost of delivering medical care, and (d) adverse patient selection.
  • Practice costs are increasing beyond the core rate of inflation.
  • Medicare reimbursements are continually cut.

Mad Obama

Early Opinions

Richard Corlin MD, opined back in 2002 that “these are circumstances that cannot continue because we are going to see medical groups disappearing.” Furthermore, he stated, “This is an emergency that lawmakers have to address.” Such cuts also stand to hurt physicians with private payers since commercial insurers often tie their reimbursement schedules to Medicare’s resources. “That’s the ripple effect here,” says Anders Gilberg, the Washington lobbyist for the Medical Group Management Associations (MGMA).

Assessment

And so, some desperate doctors are pursing these sources of relief, among many others:

  • A growing number of doctors are abandoning traditional medicine to start “boutique” practices that are restricted to patients who pay an annual retainer of $1,500 and up for preferred services and special attention. Franchises for the model are also available.
  • Regardless of location, the profession of medicine is no longer ego-enhancing or satisfying; some MDs retire early or leave the profession all together. Few recommend it, as a career anymore.

Assessment

To compound the situation, it is well known that doctors are notoriously poor investors and do not attend to their own personal financial well being, as they expertly minister to their patients’ physical illnesses.

Conclusion

And so, your thoughts and comments on this Medical Executive-Post are appreciated. Tell us what you think? Are you a desperate doctor? Feel free to review our top-left column, and top-right sidebar materials, links, URLs and related websites, too. Then, be sure to subscribe to the ME-P. It is fast, free and secure.

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References:

  1. www.managedcaremagazine.com/archives/9809/9809/.qna_dickey.shtml
  2. www.hrsa.dhhs.gov/news-pa/heal.htm
  3. www.bhpr.hrsa.gov/dsa/sfag/health-professions/bk1prt4.htm
  4. Pamela L. Moore, “Can We All Just Get Along: Bridging the Generation Gap, Physicians Practice Digest (May/June 2001).

Risk Management, Liability Insurance, and Asset Protection Strategies for Doctors and Advisors: Best Practices from Leading Consultants and Certified Medical Planners™8Comprehensive Financial Planning Strategies for Doctors and Advisors: Best Practices from Leading Consultants and Certified Medical Planners™

More on the Doctor Salary “WARS” – er! ah! … CONUNDRUM!

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Compensation Trend Data Sources

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By Dr. David Edward Marcinko MBA

[Editor-in-Chief] www.BusinessofMedicalPractice.com

Related chapters: Chapter 27: Salary Compensation and Chapter 29: Concierge Medicine and Chapter 30: Practice Value-Worth

 

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PERSONAL PREAMBLE

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Physician compensation is a contentious issue and often much fodder for public scrutiny. Throw modern pay for performance [P4P], and related metrics, into the mix and few situations produce the same level of emotion as doctors fighting over wages, salary and other forms of reimbursement.

This situation often springs from a failure of both sides to understand mutual compensation terms-of-art when the remuneration deal was first negotiated. This physician salary and compensation information is thus offered as a reference point for further investigations.

Introduction 

More than a decade ago, Fortune magazine carried the headline “When Six Figured Incomes Aren’t Enough. Now Doctors Want a Union.” To the man in the street, it was just a matter of the rich getting richer. The sentiment was quantified in the March 31, 2005 issue of Physician’s Money Digest when Greg Kelly and I reported that a 47-y.o. doctor with 184,000 dollars in annual income would need about 5.5 million dollars for retirement at age.

Of course, physicians were not complaining back then under the traditional fee-for-service system; the imbroglio only began when managed care adversely impacted income and the stock market crashed in 2008.

Today, the situation is vastly different as medical professionals struggle to maintain adequate income levels. Rightly or wrongly, the public has little sympathy for affluent doctors following healthcare reform. While a few specialties flourish, others, such as primary care, barely move.

In the words of colleague Atul Gawande, MD, a surgeon and author from Brigham and Women’s Hospital in Boston, “Doctors quickly learn that how much they make has little to do with how good they are. It largely depends on how they handle the business side of practice.”  And so, it is critical to understand contemporary thoughts on physician compensation and related trends.

Compensation Trend Data Sources

A growing number of surveys measure physician compensation, encompassing a varying depth of analysis. Physician compensation data, divided by specialty and subspecialty, is central to a range of consulting activities including practice assessments and valuations of medical entities. It may be used as a benchmarking tool, allowing the physician executive or consultant to compare a practitioner’s earnings with national and local averages.

The Medical Group Management Association’s (MGMA’s) annual Physician Compensation and Production Correlations Survey is a particularly well-known source of this data in the valuation community. Other information sources include Merritt Hawkins and Associates; and the annual the Health Care Group’s, [www.theHealthCareGroup.com] Goodwill Registry.

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Portfolio analysis

www.CertifiedMedicalPlanner.org

Assessment

However, all sources are fluid and should be taken with a grain of statistical skepticism, and users are urged to seek out as much data as possible and assess all available information in order to determine a compensation amount that may be reasonably expected for a comparable specialty situation. And, realize that net income is defined as salary after practice expenses but before payment of personal income taxes.

Conclusion

Your thoughts and comments on this ME-P are appreciated. Feel free to review our top-left column, and top-right sidebar materials, links, URLs and related websites, too. Then, subscribe to the ME-P. It is fast, free and secure.

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