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What’s a polymath?

The definition of “polymath” is the subject of debate. The term has its roots in Ancient Greek and was first used in the early 17th Century to mean a person with “many learnings”, but there is no easy way to decide how advanced those learnings must be and in how many disciplines. Most researchers argue that to be a true polymath you need some kind of formal acclaim in at least two apparently unrelated domains. And, one of the most detailed examinations of the subject comes from Waqas Ahmed in his book The Polymath, published earlier this year.

Now, despite his many achievements, Ahmed does not identify as a polymath. “It is too esteemed an accolade for me to refer to myself as one,” he said. When examining the lives of historical polymaths, he only considered those who had made significant contributions to at least three fields, such as Leonardo da Vinci (the artist, inventor and anatomist), Johann Wolfgang von Goethe (the great writer who also studied botany, physics and mineralogy) and Florence Nightingale (who, besides founding modern nursing, was also an accomplished statistician and theologian).

What is a savant?

Savant syndrome is an exceedingly rare condition in which individuals with a developmental disorder or an intellectual disability possess extraordinary talents, knowledge, or abilities in a specific area. Savant syndrome may be congenital at birth or acquired later in life and is commonly associated with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). It may also coexist alongside other conditions, such as brain injuries . Individuals with savant syndrome were historically referred to with the term “idiot savant,” but negative connotations of the term “idiot” resulted in its abandonment and is now solely termed “savant.”

Famous individuals with savant syndrome include Kim Peek, who was able to calculate dates for any event hundreds of years into the past or future and inspired the movie the Rain Man. Stephen Wiltshire was mute and communicated through drawings of detailed city landscapes. Approximately 10% of individuals with autistic disorder have savant abilities. Less than 1% of the non-autistic population have savant syndrome. Therefore, not all savants have ASD, and not all persons with autismare savants.

What is a genius?

There is no scientifically precise definition of genius. When used to refer to the characteristic, genius is associated with talent but several authors systematically distinguish these terms. Walter Isaacson, biographer of many well-known geniuses, explains that although high intelligence may be a prerequisite, the most common trait that actually defines a genius may be the extraordinary ability to apply creativity and imaginative thinking to almost any situation.

The plural form of genius can be either geniuses or genii, pronounced [ jee-nee-ahy ], depending on the intended meaning of the word. Geniuses is much more commonly used. The plural forms of several other singular words that end in -us are also formed in this way, such as virus/viruses, callus/calluses, and status/statuses. Irregular plurals that are formed like genii, such as radius/radii or cactus/cacti, derive directly from their original pluralization in Latin. However, the standard English plural -es is often also acceptable for these terms, as in radiuses and cactuses.

Who is Mensa material?

Mensa members range in age from 2 to 106. They include engineers, homemakers, teachers, actors, athletes, students, and CEOs, and they share only one trait — high intelligence. To qualify for Mensa, they scored in the top 2 percent of the general population on an accepted standardized intelligence test.

 Note: These descriptions are presented with some thanks to Chat GPT.

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Filed under: Book Reviews, Ethics, Experts Invited, Glossary Terms, LifeStyle, mental health | Tagged: ASD, autism, autistic, ChatGPT, genius, IQ, kim peek, knowledge, mensa, mental health, neurodiversity, polymath, savant, smart, stephen wiltshire, Walter Isaacson, Waqas Ahmed, wisdom, wise | Leave a comment »