FLEXNER REPORT: Medical Education

By Staff Reporters

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According to Wikipedia, the Flexner Report was a book-length landmark report of medical education in the United States and Canada, written by Abraham Flexner and published in 1910 under the aegis of the Carnegie Foundation. Flexner not only described the state of medical education in North America, but he also gave detailed descriptions of the medical schools that were operating at the time. He provided both criticisms and recommendations for improvements of medical education in the United States.

Many aspects of the present-day American medical profession stem from the Flexner Report and its aftermath. While it had many positive impacts on American medical education, the Flexner report has been criticized for introducing policies that encouraged systemic racism and sexism.

The Report, also called Carnegie Foundation Bulletin Number Four, called on American medical schools to enact higher admission and graduation standards, and to adhere strictly to the protocols of mainstream science principles in their teaching and research. The report talked about the need for revamping and centralizing medical institutions. Many American medical schools fell short of the standard advocated in the Flexner Report and, subsequent to its publication, nearly half of such schools merged or were closed outright.

Colleges for the education of the various forms of alternative medicine, such as electro-therapy were closed. Homeopathy, traditional osteopathy, eclectic medicine, and physiomedicalism (botanical therapies that had not been tested scientifically) were derided.

The Report also concluded that there were too many medical schools in the United States, and that too many doctors were being trained. A repercussion of the Flexner Report, resulting from the closure or consolidation of university training, was the closure of all but two black medical schools and the reversion of American universities to male-only admittance programs to accommodate a smaller admission pool.

In Chapter 11, Flexner stressed that the success of medical education reform and the professionalization of medicine relied heavily on the effective legal and ethical functioning of state medical boards. However, he noted that these boards were failing in their mission, stalling progress and allowing substandard medical practices to continue, thereby jeopardizing public health. This problem persists as a significant issue in the current practice of medicine in the United States.

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The MD versus DO Degree

Battle of the Allopathic Vs. Osteopathic Physicians

By Dr. David Edward Marcinko MBA

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What’s the difference between an MD and a DO?

An MD is a Doctor of Medicine, while a DO is a Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine. The bottom line? They do the same job, have similar schooling, can prescribe medication and can practice all over the U.S.

“In general, DOs practice a more holistic, whole-person type of care,” explains Dr. Vyas. “MDs take a more allopathic, or illness-based, approach.”

Allopathic and osteopathic medicine differ in several ways:

  • Allopathic medicine uses medication, surgery and other interventions to treat illnesses.
  • Osteopathic medicine emphasizes the relationship between the mind, body and spirit. It focuses on treating the person as a whole and improving wellness through education and prevention. DOs also receive extra training in osteopathic manipulative medicine (OMM), a hands-on method for diagnosing and treating patients.

But these philosophical differences don’t necessarily define the way DOs and MDs practice medicine. For example, DOs use all types of modern medical treatments, and MDs provide whole-person and preventive care.

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What’s in a Medical Degree?

Allopathic and Osteopathic medical schools have similar curriculum structures. Students spend 12–24 months of their program in the classroom and then continue training in clinical settings, according to the American Medical Association (AMA).

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RELATED: https://www.amazon.com/Hospitals-Healthcare-Organizations-Management-Operational/dp/1439879907/ref=sr_1_4?s=books&ie=UTF8&qid=1334193619&sr=1-4

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PODCAST: Physician Specialties

40 DOCTOR SPECIALTIES

BY ERIC BRICKER MD

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Happy National Osteopathic Medicine Week 2020

My Fond Memories

By Dr. David E. Marcinko MBA

National Osteopathic Medicine Week takes place April 19-25, 2020. It is a special time where the osteopathic medicine profession comes together to help educate the world about what osteopathic medicine is.

At first glance, the difference between DOs and MDs is difficult to distinguish. They’re both fully licensed physicians, trained in diagnosing and treating illnesses and disorders and providing preventive care.

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But, the foundation of osteopathic medicine is that people are more than just the sum of their body parts.

Learn more about National Osteopathic Medicine Week and how you can share your DO pride. 

Assessment: I trained at several DO hospitals in my early career for which I am very grateful.

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