CRYPTO-CURRENCY: From Birth to Current Status

By Staff Reporters

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The Origins and Current Status of Cryptocurrency: A 2025 Perspective

Introduction

Cryptocurrency has evolved from a niche technological experiment into a global financial force. In just over a decade, it has disrupted traditional banking, inspired new economic models, and sparked debates about the future of money. As of 2025, cryptocurrencies are not only investment assets but also tools for innovation, decentralization, and financial inclusion. This essay explores the origins of cryptocurrency, its evolution, and its current status in the global economy.

Origins of Cryptocurrency

The Pre-Bitcoin Era

Before Bitcoin, digital currency was a theoretical concept explored by cryptographers and computer scientists. In the 1980s, David Chaum introduced DigiCash, an early form of electronic money that prioritized privacy. Though innovative, DigiCash failed commercially due to lack of adoption and centralization.

Other attempts, like Hashcash and B-money, laid the groundwork for decentralized systems but never materialized into functioning currencies. These efforts, however, contributed key ideas that would later be incorporated into Bitcoin.

REAL MONEY: https://medicalexecutivepost.com/2025/03/27/cryptocurrency-real-money-or-not/

The Birth of Bitcoin

In 2008, an anonymous figure (or group) known as Satoshi Nakamoto published the Bitcoin white paper: “Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System.” This document proposed a decentralized currency that used blockchain technology to validate transactions without a central authority.

Bitcoin officially launched in January 2009 with the mining of the genesis block. Early adopters were cryptographers, libertarians, and tech enthusiasts. The first real-world Bitcoin transaction occurred in 2010 when Laszlo Hanyecz paid 10,000 BTC for two pizzas — now commemorated as Bitcoin Pizza Day.

Bitcoin’s design solved the double-spending problem and introduced a transparent, immutable ledger. Its supply was capped at 21 million coins, making it deflationary by design.

Evolution and Expansion

Rise of Altcoins

Bitcoin’s success inspired the creation of alternative cryptocurrencies, or “altcoins.” Litecoin (2011), Ripple (2012), and Ethereum (2015) introduced new functionalities. Ethereum, in particular, revolutionized the space by enabling smart contracts — self-executing agreements coded directly onto the blockchain.

Smart contracts laid the foundation for decentralized applications (dApps), decentralized finance (DeFi), and non-fungible tokens (NFTs). These innovations expanded crypto’s use cases beyond simple transactions.

ICO Boom and Regulatory Pushback

In 2017, the crypto market experienced a massive bull run fueled by initial coin offerings (ICOs). Startups raised billions by issuing tokens, often without clear business models or regulatory oversight. While some projects succeeded, many failed or turned out to be scams.

Governments responded with crackdowns. The U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) began classifying certain tokens as securities, requiring registration and compliance. China banned ICOs and crypto exchanges altogether.

Despite the volatility, the 2017–2018 cycle cemented crypto’s place in mainstream finance and attracted institutional interest.

Cryptocurrency in the 2020s

COVID-19 and the Digital Gold Narrative

The COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 accelerated crypto adoption. As governments printed trillions in stimulus, concerns about inflation grew. Bitcoin was increasingly viewed as “digital gold” — a hedge against fiat currency devaluation.

Major companies like Tesla, MicroStrategy, and Square added Bitcoin to their balance sheets. PayPal and Visa began supporting crypto transactions. The narrative shifted from speculation to legitimacy.

Ethereum and the DeFi Explosion

Ethereum’s ecosystem exploded with the rise of DeFi platforms like Uniswap, Aave, and Compound. These services allowed users to lend, borrow, and trade assets without intermediaries. Total value locked (TVL) in DeFi surpassed $100 billion by 2021.

Ethereum also became the backbone of the NFT boom. Artists, musicians, and creators used NFTs to monetize digital content, leading to record-breaking sales and mainstream attention.

STABLE COINS: https://medicalexecutivepost.com/2023/08/11/paypal-crypto-stablecoin-pyusd/

Current Status of Cryptocurrency (2025)

Market Performance

As of 2025, the global cryptocurrency market has added over $600 billion in value year-to-date, with a total market capitalization exceeding $2.5 trillion.

CRYPTO INFLATION: https://medicalexecutivepost.com/2022/08/27/inflation-and-crypto-currency/

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  • Stocks ended the day mixed, with the Dow sinking into the red while the S&P 500 and NASDAQ kicked off the week on a positive note thanks to gains from tech stocks.
  • Oil popped on a double-whammy of news: Long-range, US-made ballistic missiles launched from Ukraine into Russia might disrupt oil supply, while the shutdown of Norway’s Johan Sverdrup oil field due to a power outage will definitely disrupt oil supply.
  • Crypto continued its hot streak today: Bitcoin popped back above $90,000, giving other cryptocurrencies a boost.
  • Bitcoin’s boom has certainly helped MicroStrategy, which announced today that it purchased 51,780 bitcoins for approximately $4.6 billion in cash, or roughly $88,627 per bitcoin, in the last week alone.

CITE: https://www.r2library.com/Resource

STOCKS UP

The new Trump Trade continues: The president-elect’s selection of Liberty Energy CEO Chris Wright to lead the Department of Energy gave Liberty a 4.85% boost today. Wright is also on the board of nuclear company Oklo, which popped 14.83%.

  • Speaking of Trump, Trump Media & Technology Group soared 16.65% on the news that it may purchase crypto trading firm Bakkt.
  • Netflix disappointed viewers with its glitchy showing of Jake Paul vs. Mike Tyson, but shareholders forgave the company after it announced record viewership of the fight. Shares climbed 2.80%.
  • CVS Health gained 5.41% on news that it struck a deal with activist investor Glenview Capital Management to add four new seats to its board.
  • Robinhood jumped 8.29% to a new all-time high thanks to an upgrade from Needham analysts giving the investing app a “buy” rating due to its crypto offerings under a pro-crypto Trump presidency.
  • Warner Bros. Discovery rose 2.71% on a Wall Street Journal report that it has settled its legal dispute with the NBA, guaranteeing broadcast rights for the next decade.

STOCKS DOWN

  • Nvidia isn’t often in this section of the newsletter, but the semiconductor leader sank 1.29% today on a report from The Information that its new Blackwell chips are prone to overheating.
  • Palantir popped after moving over to the Nasdaq last week, but the red-hot software stock dropped 6.86% as investors collected profits.
  • Redfin may help you buy a house, but the online real estate brokerage is a “sell,” according to Goldman Sachs. The Wall Street firm cited low home sales, low affordability, and low chances of success in a competitive market. Shares fell 4.42%.
  • Uber dropped 5.35% to a new 52-week low on the threat of Tesla’s robotaxis ruling the road thanks to a Trump administration that seems keen on cutting self-driving regulations.

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Here’s where the major benchmarks ended:

  •  The SPX was up 23.00 points (0.4%) to 5893.62; the Dow Jones Industrial Average® ($DJI) fell 55.39 points (0.1%) to 43,389.6; and the NASDAQ Composite® ($COMP) was up 111.69 points (0.6%) to 18,791.81.
  • The 10-year Treasury note yield fell one basis point to 4.41%.
  • The CBOE Volatility Index® (VIX) eased to 15.57.

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Visualize: How private equity tangled banks in a web of debt, from the Financial Times.

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