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RISK MANAGEMENT, LIABILITY INSURANCE AND ASSET PROTECTION ABBREVIATIONS
[Glossary of Important Acronyms]
Much has been written and much has been opined on the topic of medical risk management, insurance, asset protection and professional liability for physicians and healthcare providers in this textbook; and elsewhere.
But occasionally, we all still get lost in a wide array of abbreviations, acronyms, and initialisms that are constantly changing in this ecosystem.
And so, this glossary serves as a ready reference for those who want to know about these medical risk management definitions in a quick and ready fashion.
Acronyms and Abbreviations
AAASC American Association of Ambulatory Surgery Centers
AAHP American Association of Health Plans
ABN advance beneficiary notice
ABQAUR American Board of Quality Assurance and Utilization Review
ACE acute care episode
ACHCE American College of Health Care Executives
ACS American College of Surgeons
ADA Americans with Disabilities Act
ADC average daily census
ADL activities of daily living
ADT Admission/Discharge/Transfer
AHA American Hospital Association
AHIMA American Health Information Management Association
AHRQ Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality
AI average inventory
AIMR Association for Investment Management and Research
AIR assumed interest rate
ALE annualized loss expectancy
ALF assisted living facility
ALOS average length of stay
AMA American Medical Association
AMBAC AMBAC Indemnity Corporation
AMGA American Medical Group Association
ANSI American National Standards Institute
AP accounts payable
APA American Psychiatric Association
APC ambulatory payment classification
APG ambulatory payment group
APR annual percentage rate
AR accounts receivable
ASA American Society of Appraisers
ASC ambulatory surgery centers; also Accredited Standards Committee
ASHA American Surgical Hospital Association
ASO administrative services only
ASTC ancillary service technical component
ATM asynchronous transfer mode
AVG ambulatory visit group
BANTA best alternative to negotiated agreement
BBA Balanced Budget Act of 1997
BBRA Balanced Budget Refinement Act [1999]
BCP business continuity planning
BEA break-even analysis
BEP break-even point
BIPA Benefits Improvement and Protection Act [2000]
BLS Bureau of Labor Statistics
BPD border protection device
BS balance sheet
BSA Bank Secrecy Act
BVS business valuation standard
CA certificate authority
CAC Carrier Advisory Committee
CAS cost accounting standards
CASB Cost Accounting Standards Board
CC common criteria [for IT Security Evaluation —ISO/IEC 15408];
complication or comorbidity [for MS-DRGs]
CCA certified cost accountant
CCC cash conversion cycle
CCEVS common criteria evaluation and validation scheme
CCHIT Certification Commission for Healthcare Information Technology
CCU critical care unit
CDC Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
CDH consumer-directed healthcare
CDHP consumer-directed healthcare plan
CDPM Clinical Data Project Manager
CDSS clinical decision support system
CEO Chief Executive Officer
CF conversion factor
CFA Chartered Financial Analyst
CFO Chief Financial Officer
CFR Code of Federal Regulations
CHAMP Children’s Health and Medicare Protection Act of 2007
CHAMPUS Civilian Health and Medical Program of the Uniformed Services
CHE Certified Healthcare Executive
CHIPS Center for Healthcare Industry Performance Studies
CIA Corporate Integrity Agreement
CIO Chief Information Officer
CIP Customer Identification Program
CIS computer information systems
CLIA Clinical Laboratory Improvement Act
CLT capitation liability theory
CME continuing medical education
CMI case mix index
CMIO Chief Medical Information Officer
CMIS contribution margin income statement
CMN Certificate of Medical Necessity
CMP Certified Medical Planner ™
CMS Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services [formerly HCFA]
COD cash on delivery
COGME Council of Graduate Medical Education
COH cash on hand
COLA cost of living allowance
CON Certificate of Need
COO Chief Operating Officer
COSO Committee of Sponsoring Organizations
COTS commercial off-the-shelf
CPHQ Certified Physician in Healthcare Quality
CPIM Certificate in Production and Inventory Management
CPI-U Consumer Price Index—urban
CPM critical (clinical) path method
CPOE computerized physician order entry [system]
CPR computer-based patient record
CPT current procedural terminology
CQI continuous quality improvement
CRL Certification Revocation List
CRM customer relationship management
CRVS California Relative Value Studies
CSO Chief Security Officer
CT scan computed tomography scan [also called CAT scan]
CUSIP Committee on Uniform Security Identification Procedures
CVE common vulnerabilities and exposures
CVPA cost-volume-profit analysis
CY calendar year
DAC discretionary access control
DBMS database management system
DCF discounted [net] cash flow
DEA Drug Enforcement Agency
DHHS Department of Health and Human Services
DHMR Designated Healthcare Management Representative
DIO days inventory outstanding
DLH doctor labor hours
DME durable medical equipment
DNFB discharged, not finally billed
D&O directors and officers
DO Doctor of Osteopathy
DOA dead on arrival
DoD Department of Defense
DOJ Department of Justice
DOT Department of Transportation
DPH Department of Public Health
DPM Doctor of Podiatric Medicine
DPO days payable outstanding
DPP direct participation program
DRA Deficit Reduction Act of 2005
DRG diagnosis-related group
DES disease-specific care
DSH disproportionate share hospital [adjustment]
DSO days sales outstanding
DSS decision support system
DVP delivery versus payment
DWC days working capital
EAP Employee Assistance Program
EBDIT earnings before depreciation, interest and taxes
EBM evidence-based medicine
ECP Exposure Control Plan
ED emergency department
EDI Electronic Data Interchange
EDSS Executive Decision Support System
EEOC Equal Employment Opportunity Commission
EHCR Efficient Healthcare Consumer Response Report
EHO emerging healthcare organization
EHR electronic health record
EIN employer identification number
E&M evaluation and management
EMR electronic medical record(s)
EMTALA Emergency Medical Treatment and Active Labor Act
EOB explanation of benefits
EOMB Explanation of Medicare Benefits
EOQ economic order quantity
EOQC economic order quantity cost [analysis]
EPA Environmental Protection Agency
ePHI electronic personal health information
EPO exclusive provider organization
EPR electronic patient record
EPRI Emergency Preparedness Resource Inventory
ERISA Employee Retirement Income Security Act
ERP enterprise resource planning
FACT Act Fair and Accurate Credit Transactions Act of 2003
FAR federal acquisition regulation
FASB Financial Accounting Standards Board
FBCA Federal Bridge Certification Authority
FC fixed cost
FCA False Claims Act
FDA Food and Drug Administration
FEHBP federal employees health benefits program
FF&E furniture, fixtures and equipment
FFS fee-for-service
FGIC Financial Guaranty Insurance Company
FHA Federal Housing Administration
FIFO first in first out
FIPS Federal Information Processing Standard
FMAP Federal Medical Assistance Percentage
FMLA Family Medical Leave Act
FMV fair market value
FTP file transfer protocol
FV fair value
- FY fiscal year
GAAP generally accepted accounting principles
GAO [U.S.] Government Accountability Office (name changed in 2004 from General Accounting Office)
GDP gross domestic product
GIGO garbage in, garbage out
GMC guaranteed mortgage certificate
GNMA Government National Mortgage Association
GNP gross national product
GPWW Group Practice Without Walls
GSA General Services Administration
HARA Healthcare Accounts Receivable Analysis [report]
HCCM Hierarchical Condition Category Management
HCFA [former] Health Care Financing Administration
HCFAC Healthcare Fraud and Abuse Control [program]
HCFMA Health Care Financial Management Association
HCPCS healthcare common procedure coding system
HCSS Health Care Staffing Services
HD-HCP high deductible healthcare plan
HEDIS Health Plan Employer Data and Information Set
HFMA Healthcare Financial Management Association
HH home health
HHA home health agency
HHCA home healthcare agency
HHRG home health resource group
[D]HHS [Department of] Health and Human Services
HIM health information management
HIMSS Health Information and Management Systems Society
HIPAA Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act [of 1996]
HIPDB Healthcare Integrity and Protection Data Bank
HIPPS health insurance prospective payment system
HIS hospital information system
HISAC Healthcare Information Sharing and Analysis Center
HIT healthcare information technology
HMMIS hospital materials management information system
HMO health maintenance organization
HOPPS hospital outpatient prospective payment system
HR Human Resources
HSA health systems agency; also health savings account
HSG hospital service group
HSRV hospital-specific relative value
I&A identification and authentication
IBA Institute of Business Appraisers
IBNR incurred but not reported [expenses]
ICD-9-CM International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification [10-CM]
ICP inventory conversion period
ICSI Institute for Clinical Systems Improvement
IDS integrated delivery system; also intrusion detection system
IDTF independent diagnostic testing facilities
IHS Indian Health Services
IME indirect medical education [adjustment]
IOM Institute of Medicine
IPA Independent Physician Association; also Independent Practice Association
IPPS [Medicare] inpatient prospective payment system
IRB Institutional Review Boards
IRC Internal Revenue Code
IRR internal rate of return
IRS Internal Revenue Service
ISAC Information Sharing and Analysis Center
ISMS information security management system
ISO International Standards Organization
ISP Internet service provider
I-SPY Act Internet Spyware Prevention Act
IT information technology
ITL Information Technology Laboratory
ITR inventory turnover ratio
JAMA Journal of the American Medical Association
JCAHO [former] Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations
[now known as the The Joint Commission-TJC]
JIT just-in-time
[inventory management]
LAN local area network
LCC life-cycle cost
LEP limited English proficiency
LIFO last in, first out
LIS Laboratory Information Systems
LISW Licensed Independent Social Worker
LLC Limited Liability Company
LLP Limited Liability Partnership
LMFT Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist
LPCC Licensed Professional Clinical [Mental Health] Counselor
LOS length of stay
LVN licensed vocational nurse
LPN licensed practical nurse
LRAC long-range average cost
LRRA Liability Risk Retention Act
LSP limited service provider
LTCPP long-term care pharmacy provider
MABC medical activity-based costing
MAC monitored anesthesia care; also mandatory access control
MB marginal benefit
MBT Mechanical Biological Treatment [organization]
MC marginal cost
MCC major complication or co-morbidity
MCM mixed cost method
MCO managed care organization
MCS Monte Carlo Simulation
MD medical doctor
MDC major diagnostic category
MEC modified endowment contract
MedPAC Medicare Payment Advisory Commission
MGMA Medical Group Management Association
MI Medical Informatics
MIS management information services
MLIC malpractice liability insurance component
MMA Medicare Prescription Drug, Modernization, and Improvement Act of 2003
MMCO Medicare Managed Care Organizations
MOE maximum office efficiency
MPCA medical practice cost analysis
MPT Modern Portfolio Theory
MR medical records, marginal revenue
MSA medical savings account
MSCI Metals Service Center Institute
MS-DRG Medicare Severity DRG
MSDS material safety data sheet
MSO management services organization
MUD medically unnecessary days
MVO mean variance optimization
NACVA National Association of Certified Valuation Analysts
NAICS North American Industry Classification System
NAIP National Association of Inpatient Physicians
NAHC National Association of Healthcare Consultants
NASD National Association of Securities Dealers
NASDAQ National Association of Securities Dealers Automated Quotations
NAT network address translation
NAV net asset value
NBER National Bureau of Economic Research
NCFFR National Commission on Fraudulent Financial Reporting
NCPDP National Council for Prescription Drug Programs
NCQA National Committee for Quality Assurance
NCUA National Credit Union Administration
NCVHS National Committee on Vital and Health Statistics
NDC National Drug Code
NEJM New England Journal of Medicine
NGC National Guideline Clearinghouse
NIAP National Information Assurance Partnership
NIC net interest cost
NIOSH National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health
NIS net income statement
NISAC National Infrastructure Simulation and Analysis Center
NIST National Institute of Standards and Technology
NOW account negotiable order of withdrawal account
NPDB National Practitioner Data Bank
NPI National Provider Identification [number]
NPP Notice of Privacy Practices
NPS national provider system
NPV net present value
NQF National Quality Forum
NRC National Research Council
NRV net-realized accounts receivable value
NSA National Security Agency
NTFS new technology file system
NTPA net target profit analysis
NYSE New York Stock Exchange
OBO order book official
OBRA Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act [of 1989]
OCC Option Clearing Corporation
OCR optical character recognition; also Office of Civil Rights
OFAC Office of Foreign Assets Control
OFPP Office of Federal Procurement Policy
OID original issue discount
OIG Office of the Inspector General [U.S. Department of Health and Human Services]
OMB Office of Management and Budget
OPHC Office of Prepaid Health Care
OPIM other potentially infectious material
OPPS outpatient prospective payment system
OS operating system
OSI open systems interconnect
OR operating room
OSHA Occupational Safety and Health Administration
OSJ Office of Supervisory Jurisdiction
OTC over-the-counter
P4P pay-for-performance
P/E price to earnings [ratio]
P/R price to revenue [ratio]
PAC planned amortization certificate
PAY post-acquisition year
PC [mortgage] participation certificate; also personal computer
PCC project cost of capital
PCMCIA Personal Computer Memory Card International Association
PCP primary care physician
PDA personal digital assistant
PDX Patient Data Exchange
PE[C] practice expense [component]
PEO professional employer organization
PFS patient financial services
PG purchasing group
PHA public housing authority
PHI protected health information
PHN Private Health Network
PHO physician-hospital organization
PHR patient health record
PIN personal identification number
PIO public information office
PKI public/private key informatics/infrastructure
PKIX public key infrastructure for X.509 certificates
PLIC [mal]practice liability insurance component
PMG primary medical group
PM/PM per member per month
PO purchase order
POC point-of-care
POL physician office laboratory
POS point-of-service
POSP point of service plan
PP projection profile
PP&E property, plant, and equipment
PPE personal protective equipment
PPMC physician practice management company
PPO preferred provider organization
PPS [Medicare] prospective payment system
PR pregnancy and related conditions
PROM programmable read-only memory
PSI patient safety indicator
PSN provider-sponsored network
PSO provider-sponsored organization
Pt patient
PTO paid time off
PWC physician work component
PY projected year
QA quality assurance
QI quality improvement
RA registration authority
RADIUS remote authentication dial-in user service
RAN Revenue Anticipation Note
RBAC role-based access control
RBRVG resource-based relative value group
RBRVS resource-based relative value scale
RBRVU resource-based relative value unit
RDBMS regional database management system
REIT real estate investment trust
RERVU resource-based relative value unit
REV/PP revenue per patient
RFI request for information
RFID radio frequency identification device [scanner]
RFP request for payment
RHIO Regional Health Information Organization
RN Registered Nurse
RNANS Registered Nurses Association of Nova Scotia
ROE return on equity
ROI return on investment
ROM read-only memory
ROP re-order point
RRG risk-retention group
RSNA Radiological Society of North America
RUG-III resource utilization group III
RVS relative value scale
RVUm relative value unit – malpractice
RVUpe relative value unit – practice expenses
RVUw relative value unit – work
rWACC relative weighted average cost of capital
S&P Standard and Poor’s
SaaS Software-as-a-Service
SAMHSA Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration
SAN storage area network
SARS Sever Acute Respiratory Syndrome
SBBI Stocks, Bonds, Bills and Inflation [Yearbook]
SCIM supply chain inventory management
SCF statement of cash flows
SCM supply chain management
SCP standard cost profile
SD standard deviation
SDLC system development life cycle
SDN specially designated nationals
SDO standards development organization
SEC Securities and Exchange Commission
SERP supplemental extended reporting policy
SESIP sharps with engineered sharps injury protection
SHM Society of Hospital Medicine
SIC Standard Industrial Code
SIPC Securities Investor Protection Corporation
SLA service level agreement
SMA special miscellaneous account
SMD Society of Medical Dental Management Consultants
SMS socioeconomic monitoring system
SMTP simple mail transfer protocol
SNF skilled nursing facility
SNMP simple network management protocol
SP special publication
SSH single-specialty hospitals
SSL secure socket layer
STP standard treatment protocol
SVPN secure virtual private network
TEL Terror Exclusion List
TFC total fixed cost
TIC true interest cost
TIN tax identification number
TLS transport layer security
TPA third party administrator
TQIM total quality and improvement management
TQM total quality management
UCC Uniform Commercial Code
UCSF University of California at San Francisco
UDP user datagram protocol
UFS unix file system
UIIRC University of Iowa Injury Prevention Research Center
UM utilization management
UPIN Unique Provider Identification Number
UR utilization review
USPAP Uniform Standards of Professional Appraisal Practices
v variance
VA Veterans Affairs
VAR value at risk
VC variable cost
VOC volatile organic chemicals
VPN virtual private network
WACC weighted average cost of capital
WAN wide area network
WHO World Health Organization
WIA weighted industry average
WORM wrote once-read many
READINGS
- Marcinko, DE and Hetico, RN: Dictionary of Health Insurance and Managed Care. Springer Publishing, New York, NY 2007
- Marcinko, DE and Hetico, RN: Dictionary of Health Information Technology and Security. Springer Publishing, New York, NY 2009
- Marcinko, DE and Hetico, RN: Dictionary of Health Economics and Finance. Springer Publishing, New York, NY 2008
HEALTHCARE ADMINISTRATION BLOGS
- Candid CIO: Will Weider, CIO of Ministry Health Care and Affinity Health System, offers his perspectives on administration issues in this blog.
- Christina’s Considerations: Christina Thielst is a hospital and healthcare administrator and entrepreneur with a deep desire for continually improving the health of the community being served. This is her blog.
- Healing Hospitals — Formerly Ask a Hospital President: F. Nicholas “Nick” Jacobs has more than 20 years experience in hospital management, with an acknowledged reputation for innovation and consumer-centered leadership.
- Hospital Impact: Part of the Fierce network of health sites, this site is becoming popular among healthcare administrators for its news updates, tips and opinions on health care matters.
- Leading the Way to Medical Excellence: the president of McLeod Health non-profit institutions provides weekly insights into his facilities and health care in general.
- Let’s Talk Health Care: Bruce Bullen, Interim Chief Executive Officer at Harvard Pilgrim in Massachusetts, provides and open and ongoing conversation about health care administration.
- Life as a Healthcare CIO: Dr. John Halamka records his experiences with infrastructure, applications, policies, management, and governance as he supports 3,000 doctors, 18,000 faculty and about three million patients.
- Managed Care Matters: Joe Paduda shares his knowledge on managed care for group health, health policy, health research, and medical news for insurers, employers, and healthcare providers.
- More than Medicine: Tom Quinn, president and CEO of Community General Hospital in Syracuse, New York, began his career as a hospital kitchen worker. His perspective on administration reflects his knowledge on how hospitals work from every angle.
- Regis University Health Services Administration Blog: Learn more about a college health service through the blog provided by its health administrator, Michael Jackson.
- Running a Hospital: A CEO of a large Boston hospital shares thoughts on hospitals, medicine and health care issues.
- St. Joseph Medical Center: Chief Executive Officer at St. Joseph Medical Center in Missouri, Mr. Kashman, provides personal insight into administrative matters and general topics.
- Todd’s Perspective: Todd Linden, president and CEO of Grinnell Regional Medical Center, offers insights into medical administration and guest bloggers provide insight into various departments.
- Wachter’s World: This blog focuses on hospitals, hospitalists, quality, safety, policy and much more from Robert M. Wachter, MD, Professor and Associate Chairman of the Department of Medicine at the University of California, San Francisco.
Legal Matters
- Drug and Device Law: This blog contains an attorney’s personal views (and those of several other Dechert attorneys) on topics that arise in the defense of pharmaceutical and medical device product liability litigation.
- Drug Injury Watch: Learn more about drug injury lawsuits from an attorney who represents patients and their families.
- FDA Law Blog: Hyman, Phelps & McNamara, P.C. is the largest dedicated food and drug law firm in the country. Their knowledge about laws and regulations governing drugs, medical devices, foods, dietary supplements, and cosmetics is helpful to anyone interested in these topics.
- Health Care Law Blog: Bob Coffield’s expertise lies in helping businesses and health care providers weave through a variety of state and federal health care regulations and assisting them in business transactions.
- Health Plan Law: This site contains information about group health plans, claims administration and related ERISA fiduciary issues. This site also contains tutorials.
- HealthBlawg: this is David Harlow’s popular health care law blog, offering expert insights and easy-to-understand analysis.
- Healthcare Law Blog: Holland & Hart’s healthcare practice provides insight into this arena, including HIPAA, Stark law, the Anti-kickback Statute and more.
- HIPAA Blog: Join in on this discussion of medical privacy issues often buried in “political arcana.”
- HIPAA, HiTech & HIT: This updated blog brings insight into legal issues, developments and other pertinent information that relates to the creation, use and exchange of electronic health records.
- HIT Blawg: This blog is focused on national health information technology legal trends and current news on this topic.
- Home Care Law Blog: Learn more about legal and policy issues in the home health care, private duty and hospice industries from Gilliland & Markette LLP.
- Med Law Blog: This law blog focuses on topics that range from compliance to contracts and from employee benefits to HIPAA and HIT.
- Physician Law: This blog provides and easy way to stay on top of current news, updates and useful tips relating to legal issues that affect physicians and non-institutional providers.
eHealth and Health IT
- Chilmark Research: This blog provides perspectives on key IT trends in the healthcare sector.
- davidrothman.net: David is the Information Services Specialist at the Community General Hospital Medical Library, but he also provides great ideas for 2.0 tools and tips for healthcare industry professionals on this blog.
- e-CareManagement blog: Vince Kuraitis, owner of Better Health Technologies, LLC, has a passion for disease management and care coordination that dates back to 1995.
- e-HealthExpert: A non-profit organization provides a free and open forum to support the development of expertise in the field of eHealth, Healthcare Information Systems, and Health IT (Clinical IT).
- eHealth: John Sharp is an IT Manager for a major medical center in Northeast Ohio, with a focus on ehealth, personal health records, Web 2.0 technologies, Windows Sharepoint Services and project management.
- Found In Cache: If you would prefer a professional’s take on social media matters, Web sites and all things technological, then follow Ed Bennett, a technology expert for a Maryland medical care system.
- Future Health IT: A health IT and EPR advocate from the UK provides a format to discuss the future of health care and IT.
- Informaticopia: This UK blogger provides eclectic news and views on health informatics and elearning.
- MedGadget: Stay ahead of the gadget curve with this site, which offers information about the newest health care gadgets on the market as well as emerging medical technologies.
- Neil Versel’s Healthcare IT Blog: A healthcare journalist’s provides his views on the major segment of the industry he covers — and, he provides a ton of links to other sites as well.
- Schwartz Healthcare IT Blog: A variety of authors from Schwartz Communications provide insights into ways to use IT effectively within healthcare facilities.
- The Health IT Channel: For a different perspective on IT and EHR as well as other health care issues, watch a few videos at this site.
- The Healthcare IT Guy: The CEO of Netspective, a Java/.NET consultancy that specializes in healthcare IT with an emphasis on e-health, EMRs, data integration, and legacy modernization, supplies tips and information for physicians and healthcare administration.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS: To Mackenzie H. Marcinko PhD of iMBA Inc., Perry D’Alessio CPA CMP™ [Hon] New York, NY; and Daniel B. Moisand CFP®, Principal for Moisand Fitzgerald Tamayo, Melbourne, FL.
COMMENTS APPRECIATED
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Filed under: "Ask-an-Advisor", "Doctors Only", Glossary Terms, Health Economics, Health Insurance, Health Law & Policy, Healthcare Finance, Marcinko Associates, Risk Management | Tagged: abbreviations, asset abbreviations, asset protection, books, dictionaries, doctors risk management, health, Health Insurance, healthcare, insurance, Marcinko, medicare, physicians, physicians risk management, risk abbreviations, Risk Management | Leave a comment »
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