UNDERSTANDING THE ALLOCATION OF MEDICAL PRACTICE PURCHASE PRICE

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Delineation of Various Practice Assets

[By Dr. Charles F. Fenton III JD PC]

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The final purchase price of a medical practice upon sale will actually be the amalgamation of various assets of the practice.

These assets include the tangible and intangible assets. The tangible assets include the hard assets (such as computers, treatment tables, chairs and furniture, DME and x-ray machines, etc) and the soft assets (such as Q-tips, paper and cotton balls). The intangible assets will include going concern value, goodwill, and the value of any restrictive covenant.

The parties should delineate the allocation of the purchase price amongst those various categories to reach a mutual best fit with the potential tax obligations. The buyer is the one who should strive to make the allocation fit his needs as best as possible.

Generally, the sale of the assets will be ordinary income to the seller and taxed at the seller’s usual rate. The buyer will be able to depreciate the purchased items. However, the characterization of those assets and the allocated portion of the purchase price will determine how much can be depreciated and over what time period the items can be depreciated.

As a general rule, soft assets can be depreciated fully in the year of purchase. Generally, hard assets can be depreciated over a three to seven year time period, depending upon the class of the asset. Also, under Section §179, a certain dollar amount can be “expensed” or deducted in the year of purchase. The sooner and the faster that the assets can be deducted the less current taxes that the buyer will be required to pay. However, intangible assets generally must be deducted over a 15-year period. This prolongs the tax benefits of any payments characterized as such.

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Nonetheless, purchase of the assets results in better tax consequences that purchase of the stock of the practice. When stock is purchased, there is no depreciation allowance allocated in the current or subsequent years. Instead, the cost of the stock becomes the “basis” of the buyer in the practice. Any gain or loss from that basis will only have tax benefits or tax consequences in the year that the stock is sold or becomes worthless.

Because of the tax consequences of the characterization of the allocations of the purchase price, it is important that the agreement delineate the portion of the practice price which is allocated to each category. Each party should further agree never to claim a different allocation in any future tax filings.

Assessment

Generally, the soft and hard assets will be valued at their current actual cash value. In no event should the purchase price allocated to the soft and hard assets exceed the actual initial cost that the seller paid for the item. The only exception to the foregoing would be if the sale involved the transfer of an appreciable asset.

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On Items NOT Purchased in the Sale of a Medical Practice

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Excluded – Not Included – Items

By Dr. Charles F. Fenton III JD

fentonMuch is written about the sale of a medical practice: price, taxes, terms, loans, negotiations and FMV etc; especially on this ME-P by Editor Dr. Dave Marcinko and his team. Excellent thoughts, all! But, little is written about items not purchased.

So, here is a different perspective.

Excluded Items

Items not purchased or “excluded items” often list the personal items of the parties – or of the employees of the parties. Such items would often include:

  1. All cash on hand or on deposit;
  2. All accounts receivable generated prior to the closing date;
  3. All prepaid expenses, utility deposits, tax rebates, insurance claims, credits due from suppliers and other allowances after Closing Date;
  4. The personal effects, including but not limited to; photographs, diplomas, uniforms, books, mementos, memorabilia, personally owned art objects and any other personal property owned by them;
  5. Life insurance, disability insurance, and disability buy-out insurance on seller;
  6. Motor vehicles used in connection with the practice;
  7. Any and all tangible and intangible assets used in conjunction with another practice of seller; and
  8. All other assets owned by seller other than those specifically described as items purchased.

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Assessment

The exact items transferred will often depend upon the prior negotiations of the parties.

For example, the parties may have agreed that the accounts receivable will be transferred with the practice. In such an instance, the accounts receivable will be listed as an item to be purchased.

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On Selling or Transitioning Out of Medical Practice?

We Can Help with a FMV Practice Appraisal – Get a FREE White-Paper

By Ann Miller RN MHA

[Executive-Director]

The www.MedicalBusinessAdvisors.com practice valuation and transition team can help you appraise your medical practice, develop a new associate/partner transition plan, and even help transition your patients.

A Profitable Transition

You can also choose how to “wind-down” or transition out of practice gracefully and economically, as you work with only select patients, on-board a new associate/partner, or sell your practice outright.

Your Practice Business Equity

Either way, we can help you unlock the hard-earned equity in your medical practice and ensure that your patients, and life’s work – are taken care of professionally.

Purchasing and reviewing our books and white-papers is a great way to start. Otherwise – call, or email us, today?

Let’s Talk or e-mail:

770.448.0769

MarcinkoAdvisors@msn.com for a free white paper!

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Understanding Medical Practice Stock Sale vs. Assets Sale

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Insights for Physician-Focused Financial Advisors

By Dr. Charles F. Fenton III, FACFAS, JD

www.BusinessofMedicalPractice.com

In most cases, healthcare knowledgeable financial advisors [FAs] recommend that the physician buyer of a medical practice solely purchase the assets of the practice and not the stock of the practice itself http://www.CertifiedMedicalPlanner.org

A Risk Reduction Strategy

Why? By purchasing selected assets, the buyer is ensured that he will not become responsible for the known or unknown liabilities of the corporation; thus a risk reduction strategy. In prior days, avoiding purchasing the stock of the corporation was a wise recommendation www.MedicalBusinessAdvisors.com

Enter the Managed Care Era

However, with the advent of managed care, the purchase of the stock of the corporation can provide the new practitioner with certain competitive advantages.

For example, it may take a new practitioner three to nine months to get onto enough managed care panels to make the practice profitable. Purchase of the stock of the corporation ensures the new practitioner of acquiring the Federal tax identification number of the corporate entity.

Assessment

Since most managed care corporations identify providers by the Federal tax identification number, purchase of the stock of the corporation should allow the new practitioner to be enrolled on managed care panels in a shorter period of time. Instead of applying anew to the managed care entity, the new practitioner merely needs to be listed as a new member of a provider already on the managed care panel.

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Determining the Required Rate of Investment Return

Financial Fundamentals of Medical Practice Sales

Dr. David Edward Marcinko; MBA, CMP™

SPONSOR: www.CertifiedMedicalPlanner.org

A physician investor’s required rate of return [RoR], for the sale of a medical practice, takes into account that monies received sooner have a greater value than those received later. And, the greater the risk in receiving future cash flows the lower their current value. Moreover, one must always keep in mind returns that can be earned on alternative investments.  A required rate of return takes all these factors into account.

The Process

The process of selecting an appropriate required rate of return begins with an assumption that all investors will require, at a minimum, the risk-less rate of return offered by government securities. Government securities with a maturity similar to that of the duration of the investment in a private [practice] company are selected, and normally; and a duration of ten to twenty years is used. Because of the minimal default risk associated with government securities, the rate is referred to as the risk free rate. THINK: Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae.

Physician Investors

Investors typically require returns greater than the risk free rate. The additional return (in excess of the risk free rate) is called the risk premium.  Risk premiums are generally calculated through an analysis of historically realized rates of return segmented by varying levels of risk, and medical practice specialty, etc. This analysis illustrates that higher historical rates of return occur in situations of higher risk. For example, securities issued by the U.S. government have lower rates of return than securities issued by large corporations. Returns on the equity of large corporations are greater than those of debt securities issued by the same firms. Thus, historical rates of return are generally used as a proxy for future required rates of return; despite the market implosion of 2008-10 and can be adjusted for 2024.

Healthcare Business Valuation

When valuing a medical practice, clinic or healthcare business entity, one must compare the risk of the expected cash flows of the entity being valued to the risk of the cash flows of like [private] publicly traded securities and to determine an appropriate required rate of return based on that assessment.

Cash Flows

It is generally assumed that the expected cash flows from an investment in a closely held healthcare business are at least as risky as those of large publicly traded firms. The combination of the large firm equity risk premium and the risk-less rate of return provide an indication of the required rate of return for the buyer or seller. Beyond that, additional risk premiums related to entity size, proportion of debt and health industry conditions exist; and many other possible company specific risk factors may be appropriate.

Assessment

When valuing a small business like a medical practice, we appraisers generally employ required rates of return 10 percent to 30 percent beyond the current long-term risk free rate for the risky and fragmented healthcare industrial complex.

In summary, the required rate of return used to value a closely held medical business represents the return a physician investor demands to invest funds now with the expectation of the uncertain cash flows associated with ownership of a private company.

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Speaker: If you need a moderator or speaker for an upcoming event, Dr. David E. Marcinko; MBA – Publisher-in-Chief of the Medical Executive-Post – is available for seminar or speaking engagements. Contact: MarcinkoAdvisors@msn.com

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