Understanding the National Practitioner Data Bank (NPDB)

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What it Is – How it Works?

[By Eric A. Dover MD]

The NPDB, also known as the Data Bank, was written into HCQIA [Health Care Quality Indicators].  It is the national database for all physician reports.

Reporting Entities

Entities that are required to report physicians to this government program are:

  • Medical malpractice payers
  • State health care practitioner licensing and certification authorities
  • Hospitals
  • Other health care entities with formal peer review (HMOs, group practices, managed care organizations)
  • Professional societies with formal peer review
  • Federal and State Government agencies
  • Health insurance companies
  • The information collected by the NPDB includes:
  • Medical malpractice actions against a healthcare provider
  • Any adverse licensure actions by Medical Boards or peer review entities, including revocation, reprimand, censure, suspension, probation or dismissal or closure of any proceedings by reason of the practitioner surrendering the license or leaving the State or jurisdiction.
  • Adverse clinical privileging actions
  • Adverse professional society membership actions
  • Private accreditation organization negative actions or findings against health care practitioners
  • Criminal convictions that are health care-related
  • Exclusions from Federal or State health care programs
  • Entities that can query the NPDB include:
  • Hospitals, health care entities and professional societies with formal peer review
  • State health care practitioner licensing and certification authorities
  • Agencies or contractors administering Federal health care programs
  • State agencies administering State health care programs
  • State Medicaid Fraud Units
  • U.S. Comptroller General, U.S. Attorney General and other law enforcement
  • Self query by health care practitioner
  • Plaintiff’s attorney/pro se plaintiffs, but under limited circumstances
  • “Quality Improvement Organizations”
  • Researchers (statistical data only)
  • Federal and State Government agencies
  • Health plans
  • Researchers (Statistical data only)

Source: http://www.npdb.hrsa.gov/

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npdb

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Physician Reportage

Once a physician is reported to the NPDB, their career, if they still have one, is dramatically changed forever.  There is no expungement process to remove defamatory physician reports, whether true or not.  The stain is there forever.  You have the opportunity to write a rebuttal for what it’s worth.  Actions reported to the National Practitioner Data Bank by one entity will most likely trigger cross investigations and actions by other entities.

Source: http://www.drlaw.com/Articles/White-Paper—The-Targeting-of-Physicians—Insigh.aspx

Assessment

It is easy to extrapolate the simplicity of destroying a physician’s career, psyche and family with the untenable protections afforded by HCQIA to those responsible for the destruction.

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About

Dr. Eric Dover is a board certified family practice and primary care physician in Portland, Oregon. He is a graduate of the University of California at Los Angeles [UCLA] School of Medicine.

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Health-Care Reform Rules Would Restrict Public Reporting

 Information Restricted to “qualified entities” Only

By Marshall Allen

ProPublica, Sept 15th, 2011, 10:46 am

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It’s estimated that hundreds of thousands of patients die annually from preventable harm suffered while undergoing medical care. The infections, injuries and errors could rank as a leading cause of death in the United States.

The PP-ACA of 2010

Last year’s sweeping health-care reform law — the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act — promised to improve the problem by allowing outside groups to use Medicare billing records to analyze and publicly report on the quality of care. But proposed rules that would guide the release of the data are being criticized by consumer groups that say the rules would make independent accountability impossible.

CMS  

Agencies typically adopt rules to administer laws like the health-care act. The rules being developed [1] by the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) propose restricting the release of Medicare billing data to “qualified entities.” To qualify, a group would have to:

  • Pay up to $200,000 for the data.
  • Have its methods pre-approved before obtaining the data.
  • Already possess billing information from other sources to combine with the Medicare data — an advantage to insurance companies.
  • Limit public reporting to quality measures approved by the health-care industry.
  • Present its reports and findings to every doctor and facility being measured before they are released to the public — a requirement that would make large-scale reports difficult.

Medicare officials declined to discuss the proposed rules because they are being finalized after a public comment period ended Aug. 8th. But interviews and a review of comments show that the rules have sharply divided consumer-oriented groups and health-care providers.

Safe Patient Project

Lisa McGiffert, director of the Safe Patient Project run by Consumers Union, the nonprofit publisher of Consumer Reports magazine, said the new law was seen as “a real opportunity” because, for the first time, Medicare data could be used to tell the public about the performance of doctors. But the proposed rules would make it impossible for Consumers Union to use the data, she said.

“The best-kept secret inAmericais what doctors are doing,” McGiffert said. “People should be able to find out information about outcomes of care, whether their docs are using appropriate practices and whether they’re providing too much of something that people don’t need.”

Bruce Boissonnault, president and CEO of the Niagara Health Quality Coalition, a nonprofit that’s been independently measuring the quality of health care since 1995, said the rules are needlessly complex and designed to suppress freedom of information. He said the rules would make it impossible for all but industry insiders to access the new data, giving them control over what’s released.

“We will only see the scraps of information that the industry wants us to discuss,” Boissonnault said. “It’s advertising wrapped in a lab coat.”

Boissonnault [2] and Consumers Union [3] submitted public comments, urging Medicare to reconsider the restrictions.

Enter the AMA

The American Medical Association submitted comments [4] mostly supporting the access limitations and in some cases urging more restrictive rules. For instance, the proposed rules say doctors would need 30 days to review any analysis before it’s publicly reported, but the AMA wants that review period increased to 90 days. The AMA also wants Medicare to consider complaints by physicians against an organization before allowing the organization access to the data.

Assessment

The Federation of American Hospitals, which represents investor-owned health-care facilities, said in its comment [5] that it is “very troubled” by the proposed rules, despite the increased restrictions, because billing data have a limited ability to measure quality. The federation wants a limit on the number of qualified entities that have access to the data.

Link: http://www.propublica.org/article/health-care-reform-rules-would-restrict-public-reporting

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Dangerous Healthcare Givers

Names Reported Missing from Federal Database

By Staff Reporters

Writing in ProPublica, and the Los Angeles Times, Tracy Weber and Charles Ornstein report that more than two decades ago, Congress set out to stop dangerous or incompetent caregivers from crossing state lines and landing in trouble again.

So, it ordered up a national database allowing hospitals to check for disciplinary actions taken anywhere in the country against licensed health professionals.

But, this database invoked no fear and dread, like the NPDB for physicians.

Ready for Hospital Use

Now On March 1, 2010– 22 years later – the federal government finally plans to let hospitals use it.  

Defective Database?

But, the database is missing serious disciplinary actions against what are probably thousands of health providers.

Link: http://www.propublica.org/feature/federal-health-professional-disciplinary-database-remarkably-incomplete

Division of Practitioner Data Banks (DPDB)

For physicians, the Division of Practitioner Data Banks (DPDB) is responsible for the implementation of the National Practitioner Data Bank (NPDB) and Healthcare Integrity and Protection Data Bank (HIPDB).  The NPDB and HIPDB are alert or flagging systems intended to facilitate a comprehensive review of the professional credentials of health care practitioners, providers, and suppliers.

One Doctor’s Opinion

“For doctors, the NPDB was always the “elephant in the room” regarding professional liability reporting, according to ME-P Publisher-in-Chief Dr. David Edward Marcinko, MBA. And so, I find this whole care-giver affair most disturbing. To think, this is the same government that wants to socialize medicine, or force implement eMRs. They should “clean their own house”,  first.” 

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Understanding Periodic or New Employee Practice Compliance Audits

Perform and Improve as Needed

By Patricia Trites MPA, CHBC; with Staff Reporters 

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There are several types of compliance audits that a medical practice, clinic or healthcare organization might need to perform. The starting point, discussed elsewhere on this ME-P, is to obtain a baseline audit. The next step is periodic audits or reviews that are performed after information is obtained from the baseline audit.

Periodic Audits

Periodic audits are performed on an on-going basis. Depending on the volume of billing, these may occur weekly for a large multi-specialty ambulatory clinic to quarterly for a small medical practice. These periodic audits can be random or scheduled. Sometimes in the process of seeing how things run, a surprise review can be informative to staff and practitioners.

New Employee Audits

New employees require regular training and reviews until there is confidence in their capabilities. Background checks are often helpful to find out whether there are any potential conflicts. In hospitals, health plan offices, surgery centers, and other regulated facilities, background checks are a normal part of the credentialing process. This process typically includes Medicare violations, which would show up on the National Practitioner Data Bank report. However, independent medical practices do not have access to this type of information and may have to rely on other organizations to obtain the information. The OIG and the General Services Administration both maintain a database of excluded persons and entities that can be accessed through the Internet. As part of the organization’s initial and periodic audits, queries of these two databases should be performed for all employees and independent contractors (like locum tenens physicians). Failure to do so can put the practice at risk of large civil money penalties ($10,000 for each occurrence) and liability for refunds of all claims the excluded individual had part in providing or billing.

Assessment

Additional audits can be performed whenever new employees are added, or if there are complaints or issues that arise in the course of business; prn.

Conclusion

And so, your thoughts and comments on this Medical Executive-Post are appreciated? What interesting, informative or strange tidbits have you uncovered in your auditing processes?

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