FDA Liability Immunity Ruling

Posted on February 23, 2008 by Dr. David Edward Marcinko MBA MEd CMP™

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The US Supreme Court Rules

[By Staff Reporters]

Did you know that the US Supreme Court just ruled that makers of medical devices – like implantable defibrillators or breast implants – are immune from liability for personal injuries as long as the Food and Drug Administration [FDA] approved the device before it was marketed and it meets the agency’s specifications? 

Background

In 2004, the administration reversed longstanding federal policy and began arguing that “premarket approval” of a new medical device by the FDA overrides most claims for damages under state law, but because federal law makes no provision for damage suits against device makers, injured patients have turned to state law and have won substantial awards, according to the New York Times.  

The Ruling

The decision does not foreclose lawsuits claiming that a device was made improperly, in violation of Food and Drug Administration [FDA] specifications, while cases may also be brought under state laws that mirror federal rules, as opposed to supplementing them. 

Devices subject to the premarket approval process, and thus affected by the court’s opinion, tend to be more technologically advanced and expensive, while examples of devices that have been the subjects of recent lawsuits include an implantable defibrillator, a heart pump, a spinal cord stimulator, a drug-coated stent, an artificial heart valve, and prosthetic hips and knees. 

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Assessment

The Bush administration plans to continue its push for pre-emption from personal injury suits in another FDA case that the court has accepted for its next term, on whether the agency’s approval of a drug, as opposed to a device, pre-empts personal injury suits.

And so, is this ruling a boon for trial lawyers or patients; both or neither?

Conclusion

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